Archive for the ‘business’ Category

What Can IT Learn From How Chrysler Makes Cars?

Wednesday, August 13th, 2008

What lessons does how Chrysler creates cars have to teach IT departments?

Although working in IT can be a tough job at times, I must confess that working in the American car manufacturing industry sure seems like it is probably a much rougher place to work right now. I’m always interested in what’s going on in the car biz because once upon a time I almost ended up going to the General Motors Institute (now known as Kettering University) and probably would have ended up going to work in the car industry.

We’ve talked before about what IT management can learn from the people who brought us the subprime mess. Now it’s the good folks at Chrysler are starting to do some interesting things that have caught my attention and I think that they may now be in a position to teach us something. First, just a bit of background information for anyone who hasn’t been keep up with current events. The private equity firm Cerberus Capital Management bought Chrysler for about $7.4B just about a year ago. What this means is that Chrysler is no longer a publicly traded company – Cerberus can do pretty much whatever they want and don’t have to answer to anyone. Except the people who put up the $7.4B. Who want to see a return on their investment as quickly as possible.

So why did Cerberus buy Chrysler. In short, they think that they can do a better job of running Chrysler than the previous management did. If they are correct, then they can make the company profitable and take it public and make much more than $7.4B. The trick is to do this as quickly as possible. If they can’t pull this off, then they could end up shutting Chrysler down and just walking away from their $7.4B investment. Got that? Ok, so now we move up to current time. Robert Nardelli is the CEO of Chrysler and he was brought in from after being the CEO of The Home Depot. What this means is that he’s not a “car guy” and he’s not limited in his thinking by how things have been done in the past.

Last week new stories started circulating about Chrysler having talks with Nissan about partnering to jointly produce midsize cars. This is a possible fundamental shift in how Chrysler makes and sells cars. Basically, Nissan would design, engineer, and manufacture the cars and then Chrysler would sell them under their own name. This could save Chrysler the billions of dollars that it takes to create a new car. Not content to put all of its eggs in one basket, Chrysler has also entered into a partnership with China’s Cherry Automobile Co. who will be making small cars for them.

News reporters were quick to point out that this model has worked well for others such as Dell and Nike who really don’t do engineering and manufacturing, but rather focus on marketing and selling. This approach has been tried in the auto industry before; however, these efforts have not panned out well for a number of ill defined reasons.

So what does this all mean for IT executives? Perhaps it’s time to slay some of our sacred cows and stop doing software development and stop doing routine support activities. Instead, perhaps these activities should be completely outsourced and our IT shops should retool to focus on what we should be doing best: supporting the business. Specifically, if like Cerberus we would be motivated by the need to have the business turn a profit quickly, we could focus on working with the business units and try to understand what their issues are and how IT tools and technology can be used to solve these problems.

What would happen if Cerberus took over your IT shop? Just imagine if the job of an IT shop was to create very detailed product requirements and to perform testing on products that were created based on those requirements. Can you imagine just how close the IT shop could get to the business? The invisible wall between IT and the business side of the house would come crashing down. When old ways of doing business (“everything is invented here”) are torn down and replaced with new ways (“we focus on only what we do best and outsource everything else”) then that can truly transform the way IT does business.

Tell me what you think. Do you think that an American car company has lessons to teach IT shops? Is the concept of having a private equity firm run your IT shop something that fills your heart with joy or fear? Leave me a comment and let me know what you think.

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IT Driving Lessons: How To Avoid A Stall

Saturday, August 9th, 2008

Just like for airplanes, stalls can be deadly for a company

Once upon a time in my career I had a chance to work on a fighter jet program. Talk about your ultimate IT project! During this time I learned a great deal about planes and how they work. I finally realized why during airshows a stunt airplane will often start going very fast and then pull up into a straight vertical climb – it turns out that this is very hard to do. If the pilot can’t keep the plane going fast enough, then what you’ll see is the plane start to shudder, come to a complete stop, and then the nose will pull to one side and the plane will start to hurtle towards the ground. This is all great stuff for an airshow; however, it can be disastrous for a company.

A revenue growth stall can cause even the strongest, most high flying company to come crashing down. A perfect example of this is the jeans company Levi Strauss & Company. Back in 1996 business was going gang-busters. Their sales had just popped over $7B and things were looking great. Then it stalled. By 2000 sales were only at $4.6B (down by 35%).

Not to pick on Levis Strauss. The same stall has hit Apple, Caterpillar, 3M, Toys “R” US, etc. Why should we care if we don’t work for these companies? Ultimately IT needs to be the lookout that is in the crow’s nest of the company and is able to detect a stall before it overtakes the company. If we are unable to do this critical job, then there is a good chance that we’ll have confirmed that IT just doesn’t matter any more.

Why are stalls so deadly to a company? Since things are going so very well just before a stall hits, many companies, just like an airplane in an air show, are actually accelerating as they enter a stall because all of the metrics that they normally use to tell them how things are going are telling them to spend, spend, spend. Senior management often never sees the stall coming.

How bad is a stall? Some very smart guys over at the Corporate Executive Board (Matthew Olson, Derek van Bever, and Seth Verry) have done some research and what they’ve uncovered is that companies lose about 74% of their market capitalization (measured against the S&P 500) in the 10 years after the stall. Of course, the CEO and his/her senior team are replaced (hear that CIOs?).

Why do companies stall? If stalls were unavoidable then there would be little for CIOs to do except to prepare defensive strategies. Research has shown that most stalls are a direct result of choices that a firm’s senior management makes about either strategy or the design of the organization. What is even more damning is that 50% of the identified root causes fall into one of 4 categories:

  1. Being held captive by a premium position.
  2. A failure in the management of innovation within the company
  3. Abandoning a core market or product too early.
  4. Talent Management failures.

What’s a CIO to do? We’ll take a look at each of these four root causes and provide some suggestions on how the CIO and the IT department can make sure that the firm doesn’t get stuck in a stall that all to quickly turns into a death spiral.

Have you every worked at a company where things switched from being great to being horrible overnight? Why did this happen? Did your IT department play a role in causing the problem or did they help the company restart its engine? Leave a comment and let me know.

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I.T.I.S. (It’s The Information, Stupid!)

Friday, August 1st, 2008

IT departments talk about technology and not about information systems

Q: What’s wrong with IT departments today?

A: They don’t look or act like any other department in the rest of the company.

One glaring example of this rears its ugly head when business users ask for company information and the IT team responds with a discussion about the technology that either interconnects it or simply collects it. It turns out that there is a big difference between information (a.k.a. knowledge) and data. IT departments do a great job of collecting a lot of data; however, that’s not what anyone wants. What everyone wants is information – what you get when you process data. Somehow we need to come up with a way to get IT departments to shift their focus from gathering more data to providing more information services that will help the business do better.

Three professors, Arik Ragowsky, Paul Licker, and David Gefen have spent some time studying this issue and asking question such as what is the real job of a CIO? It turns out that a CIO should be spending his/her time managing the information that the company depends on in order to be successful in its business. What this means is that CIOs have to find a way to change their thinking and move away from worrying about how to deliver more data and start to think about how to provide more information services.

How did IT end up being a plumber and not an architect? Back in the old days (1960′s), all computers were mainframes and business folks had no idea how they did what they did. However, they appreciated what the Information Systems (IS) department produced and were more than willing to pay for them to keep doing it. When PCs arrived in the early 80′s, suddenly everyone knew more about how computers worked. IS was renamed to Information Technology (IT) and the IT folks started to focus more on the technology and less on the information that the technology was delivering. Vendors helped things along by starting to sell directly to end users. This is when things got all messed up!

Who’s to blame for the current situation? Well, we IT departments have more than our fair share to bear. All too often we interact with business customers using technology terms. When we do this we are seen as the “geeks” that we really are instead of business partners. What we should be doing is talking business with the business folks and reserving our technology discussions for when we are back within the IT department and talking with our teammates.

Final thought: hide the technology and the data from the business customers. Instead, talk with them about information systems and the types of information that they need in order to help the company be successful.

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Time To Think About IT In A New Way

Friday, May 2nd, 2008

How To Align IT With The Business
In the past, the IT department was left alone and was only noticed if something stopped working (like email!) However, in the 21st Century IT has become a critical part of how business competes. The problem is that very few firms have figured out how to evolve from treating IT as a simple cost center to using it as a competitive advantage.

If you are looking for a quick and easy solution, sorry — it just doesn’t exist. However, there are some very specific, concrete things that innovative IT departments are doing that can dramatically change how a business thinks about IT. The key is to align what the IT department and its staff do with what the rest of the business does in order to create a more powerful firm. Sounds easy doesn’t it? Well it’s not. But now you’ve found this blog and we can spend some time talking about how to make what seems impossible to happen.